Management of organization

1.THE SYSTEMS APPROACH UNDERSTANDING WORK.
work system is a system in which human participants and/or machines perform work using information, technology, and other resources to produce products and services for internal or external customers.
Basically, a system is an interrelated set of elements functioning as a whole. Examples of systems would be plant cells, a clock, a hospital, or the human body. In management theory the system is the organization composed of subsystems such as departments or divisions. The survival or failure of the system is dependent on the interrelationship of subsystems and their contribution to the overall purpose of the system. Systems could be classified based on whether they are open or closed. A closed system is one that does not rely on resources from the environment to survive. In order to survive, a closed system must have internal resources to transform into goods and services which are the consumed by members of the organization. Very few organizations would meet the criteria of a closed system.
An open system is one that must continually seek resources from the environment in order to survive. An open system obtains information, financial, material and human resources from the environment. The transformed resources must be then exported to the environment. Organizations characterize an open system in that resources must be purchased from suppliers and customers must be willing to purchase the goods transformed by the production process of the organization in order to survive.
• Intellectual products are composition of some information (project).
2. WORK IN TEAMS.
Division and coordination of work in organization
Work specialization refers to the manner in which labor is divided in the organization. Managers must decide the degree to which tasks are to be divided in the organization. Greater specialization often would lead to greater productivity. Managers may decide to have work specialized to a...

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