Lithuanian and English gradable adjectives

2006/11/28
2006, Kaunas
Introduction
Comparison is an evaluation process, that could be found in many field, e.g. in computer science(programming), in math and in grammar (adjectives and advebs in most languages). It describes systems that distinguish the degree to which the modifier modifies its complement. In grammar, the comparative is the form of an adjective or adverb (Lithuanian also has a comparison of participle), which denotes the degree or grade by which a person, thing, or other entity has a property or quality greater or less comparing with another ( Sangren). English and Lithuanian have a similar system or comparative adjectives , thought they are from different branches of language family. In many languages that have adjectives, the adjectives may have comparative and superlative forms, as does English and Lithuanian. Adjectives which can be compared in this way are called gradable adjectives.
The aim of this exploratory essay it to compare Lithuanian and English gradable adjectives, to find its similarities and differences. There will be included a theoretical background and examples based on it.
Development
Some adjectives – such as wooden (medinis), unshod (basas), meaty (mėsiškas) express "absolute" relative (in Lithuanian “santykiniai”) and does not have comparisons. The absolute refers to the most basic form of the adjective, absolute because it exists without being relative to another term. (Paulauskienė, 1994:227)
Another case is with qualitative adjectives, which sayable quality is variable and could be differently considered. There are three degrees in comparision: null comparative, comparative and superlative forms. English and Lithuanian has two parallel systems of comparison. Grade category is morphological, so comparing prosess involve the suffixes –er(lith. –esn) in the comparative form and –est(lith. –iaus) in the superlative, e.g. big, bigger, biggest( didelis, didesnis, didžiausias). Such as expression manner, then a gramatical meaning is marked by the same word component, called synthetic. (Paulauskienė, 1994:226) “These inflections...

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