Politikos mokslų koliokviumo išsamus konspektas anglų kalba

International security is maintained by building a common security architecture – a sum of international documents, organizations and unofficial norms that establish the basic principles of international security
For example, the principles of Helsinki Final Act 1975:
Respect for sovereignty and state equality;
- Refraining from the threat or actual use of force;
- Establishing inviolability of frontiers and respect for territorial integrity;
- Peaceful settlement of disputes;
- Non-intervention into internal affairs;
- Respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms;
- Equal rights and self-determination of peoples;
- Cooperation among nations;
- Fulfilment in good faith of obligations under international law;
Common security architecture guarantees international security only if it is enforced by national power
International Institutions
In international relations terminology, international institutions are:
• A set of rules that stipulate the ways in which the states should cooperate and compete with each other;
Hence, institution can be a commonly held belief, formal agreement or formal agreement establishing an international organization;
• Institutions prescribe acceptable and unacceptable forms of behavior, thus exposing the underlying principles of World Order;
• Examples of informal institutions:
a) Mutually Assured Destruction
b) Diplomatic Reciprocity
c) Olympic Truce (until 1993)
• Examples of formal institutions:
The Budapest Memorandum, the Minsk Agreement, the Paris Agreement, the Espoo Convention, the Aarhus Convention, etc.
In general, international law is a formal institution;
International Regimes
Krasner (1982): ‘Implicit or explicit principles, norms, rules and decision-making procedures around which actors’ expectations converge in a given area of international relations’
Most commonly, ‘international regimes’ covers a set of international institutions working in a certain field: environmental regime, nuclear disarmament regime, etc.
International Organizations
In international relations literature, international organizations are commonly addressed just as a analytical category composed of three main actors:
- Intergovernmental organizations;
- Non-governmental organizations;
- Multinational corporations.
Intergovernmental Organization:
IGO – official entity established by states that has at least three of them as its members and sufficient institutionalization to have a permanent headquarters, staff and regular meetings of...

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