Australia is the smallest of the seven continents of the world. However, including a major part of its territory, it becomes one of the largest in land area. The Australian mainland is the driest on earth with 30 per cent receiving less than 250 millimeters of rainfall a year. It is also the flattest landmass with more than half being less than 350 meters above sea level.
Geographically, Australia dates back at least 2000 million years. Human beings established themselves here at least 40 000 years ago while discoveries around the now dry Lake Mungo in western New South Wales indicate the first people visited here about 120 000 BC. The Australian mainland, Tasmania and New Guinea were one continent and the first Australians probably came down from Asia over the island chains. The Aborigines lived in harmony with the harsh conditions of the land until the arrival of the white man.
The main portion of the Australian Capital Territory, in the Southern Tablelands, is located 320 km from the coast The city of Canberra comprises 31 sq km while about 100000 hectares are reserved for parks and other public grounds. The remainder is pastoral and farming land together with forest. The land is generally elevated between about 500 and 700 m with a number of high peaks along the western border ranging between 1500 and 1900m. Rainfall averages between 600 and 700mm per year. Summer temperatures are around 20C while in midwinter snow is common and temperatures average 10C but often drop much lower.
There are about 264 000 people living in the ATC today. In Canberra Central there are about 60 000 people, while in Belconnen, only 10km to the north, 86 000 people reside. This number is steadily increasing. Canberra Central is essentially an administrative-business district, and with surrounding towns...
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