Water pollution in the world and in Lithuania

• Water (H2O) is the most abundant compound on earth without which there would be no life on earth.
• There is only 3% freshwater in the land.
• The Earth's aquatic shell, the hydrosphere, makes up 71% of the planet's surface.
• BIOLOGICAL - infected with organisms, eggs of parasitic worms.
• PHYSICAL - noise, vibration, electromagnetic vibrations, human activity.
MAIN SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION
• Farming
• Industrial effluents
• Oil rigs and pipeline spills
• Landfill and domestic sewage
FARMING
POLLUTANTS:
• Mineral fertilizers - organic compounds of nitrogen and phosphorus.
• Pesticides are various chemical active substances.
• Manure and slurry - nitrates.
DAMAGE:
• Excessive water pollution with organic phosphorus and nitrogen compounds and nitrates can cause eutrophication of water bodies and disturb the balance of aquatic ecosystems.
• Pesticides leached from the soil can contaminate water bodies, groundwater, enter human food and thus be harmful to health.
FARMING
MEASURES TO REDUCE POLLUTION:
• Control the use and storage of slurry and manure.
• Use mineral fertilizer in accordance with all specified fertilization norms and requirements.
• Do not use pesticides if there is a risk of precipitation.
INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER
POLLUTANT:
• Arsenic
• Mercury
• Chlorine compounds
• Heavy metals
DAMAGE:
• Through drinking water, food enters the human body heavy metals, other life-threatening substances that can cause disease and even death.
• Heavy metals and other toxic compounds penetrate producer organisms. Through the food chains, they travel further, so at each level of the diet, they increase, and some organisms die as a result.
INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER
MEASURES TO REDUCE POLLUTION:
• Mechanically and biologically treat industrial wastewater.
• Inspect industrial wastewater treatment plants more responsibly.
• In industry, if there is a possibility to replace toxic substances with alternatives.
OIL PLATFORMS AND OIL SPILLS
POLLUTANTS:
• Petroleum and its products - hydrocarbons.
• Impurities in oil - sulfur.
DAMAGE:
• The layer of oil spilled on the water surface blocks the light, reducing phytoplankton.
• Oil discharged ashore pollutes beaches.
• Waterfowl absorb a lot of oil...

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