The overview of modernism in Europe in art and literature

fiction), painting, architecture, music and the applied arts. The aim of this essay is to
define Modernism, its tendencies and basic features and also to mention the main
representatives in literature and art.
Modernism is defined in the Merriam-Webster’s Online Dictionary as “modern artistic or
literary philosophy and practice; especially : a self-conscious break with the past and a
search for new forms of expression”. Modernist writers wanted to break away from the
past, traditions and established rules. Modernism was rebellion against the Victorian era
and its ideals. The Victorian era was a period of morality and propriety. These qualities
were reflected in the art, music and literature of this time. Many artists longed for change
and began experimenting, rejecting the repressive Victorian principles. According to The
Norton Anthology of American Literature, “modernism began to emerge after 1908 in
the movement Imagism and the reaction of the English writer T.E. Hulme and his
followers against amorphous abstraction, clichéd “poetic” diction, indulgent
ornamentation, and monotonous regularity of meter in Victorian and Edwardian poetry”
( American literature between the wars 1914-1945 1021). Imagism is basically about
simplifying the language in literary works. The poets tend to make their language clear
and sharp in contrast to highly decorative language of Victorian literature. The language
in literature became close to spoken language. In poetry also appeared such technical
innovation as free verse, i.e. poetry which is written not using strict meter or rhyme.
These and other experiments and innovations liberated poetry and gave poets more
freedom in expressing themselves. Some of the most famous European modernist poets
are: W.B. Yeats, T. Hardy, G.M. Hopkins, A.E. Housman, D.H. Lawrence, R. Aldington,
F.S. Flint, B. Pasternak.
One of the characteristic features of modernism is a new view of time. Time was no
longer a series of chronological events, but “a continuous flow in the consciousness of
the individual, with the “already” continuously merging into the “not yet” and retrospect
merging into anticipation”(...

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