M. Merleau-Ponty "Eye and Mind"

Maurice Merleau-Ponty “Eye and Mind” Report This little book – it is the last paper which Merleau–Ponty has published before his death. In 1960 being in Provanse, and probably thinking about Cezanne who once was painting in the neighbourhood, the philosopher one more time comes back to the notion of seeing and painting. On one hand, he doesn’t try to take a look at his own philosophical ideas or to give the introduction to it, but to start from the new point of view, thinking about painting as the “indirect language”, and drawing the picture of human-being – who is seen, who is seeing and who is a creator of the seen creatures - existence or being in the world. Merleau-Ponty has even been referred to as “philosopher of painting”. On the other hand, Sartre has characterized “Eye and Mind” as the essay on painting as one of the most complete and important presentations of Merleau-Ponty’s thought. Merleau-Ponty almost doesn’t need any special terms or theories, his thinking is based on the speech from the artists as Paulo Cezanne, Paulo Klee, Auguste Rodden and some others, but first of all it is based on his own experience of art. On the other hand, there is one problem – Rene Descartes and his notion of dualism, consequently, the notion of pure thinking, theoretical reflection. It is taken that even to see – that is seeing through the eyes of the spirit. However even in 1942 in the essay “Cezanne Doubt”, Merleau-Ponty points out that there is no need to make a distinction between soul and body, thinking and seeing, because Cezanne has reached the beginning of the experience from which this notion (body – soul dualism) is taken and in which it is not separated. Thus Merleau-Ponty is trying to defeat dualism and to show that consciousness – it is not inprison according to the body state and at the same time independent spirit, but it is incarnated in the body, thus he has in account that the body is not only the physical body, but alive, conscious and living body. Merleau-Ponty thinks of lets say “human’s direct touch with the world” , the body and empirical expierence are important for his view. In the essay “Philosopher and His Shadow”, he is speaking about the ontological aspect of sensitivity and that the spirit is correlated with “Eye” in which, according to Merleau-Ponty, he found a source for reflection: “When through the water I can see the bottom of the pool, I can see it despite of water, but through it and because of it

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