International Treaty Law

• the expression of the state will (consent) to accept the obligations under the treaty.
• all actions and documents (instruments) by virtue of which the treaty is created.
• States - full capacity, any state has a right to enter into a treaty (Article 6 of the 1969 Vienna Convention);
• International organisations (can enter into a treaty if this is provided in its constituent documents or necessary for execution of functions).
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Full powers to conclude international treaty and authorised persons
• The person is considered to represent a state if:
• a) he/she presents the instrument of full powers;
• b) it is evident from the practice of that states concerned or other circumstances that there was an intention to consider this person to have full powers for this purpose, or
• c)The person belongs to the category of those who do not require special authorisation.
Persons representing the state ex officio
▪ Heads of States, Heads of Government and Ministers of Foreign Affairs – can execute all actions related to conclusion of the treaty;
▪ Heads of diplomatic missions – for the purpose of adopting the text of a treaty between the state, which they represent and the state in which they are accredited. Note: initiative and negotiations are also included;
▪ Representatives of states accredited to the international conference or international organisation or its body – – for the purpose of adopting the text of a treaty in that conference, organisation or the body.
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He/she presents the instrument of full powers
• Full powers – instrument, issued by the relevant institution (authority), which confirms the designation of a particular person(s) to represent a state in negotiating the conclusion, adoption of the text of the treaty, approving the authenticity of the text, expressing the state’s consent to be bound by the treaty or executing other actions related to the treaty (Art....

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