The sources of English law

Traditionally laws may be written ( in other words enacted ) or unwritten ( unenacted ). Unenacted – these laws are made by judges. They are not pass in parliament. They are written in the judges papers and kept in courts. On the continent, amount of the written law is bigger than of the unwritten. But in England it is vice versa because it originates from judicial customs.
In England, the main legislator is Parliament. It may give legislative power to other bodies or individuals and it may take it away. Parliament may make any laws it wants and courts have to apply them, however courts can interpret the laws.
In many countries, the decisions of courts are regarded as precedents. The authority of the courts is hierarchical – it means, all lower courts must obey the superior courts. The judges make their decisions based on general principles of case-law.
Originally, most of the law was based on customs. Nowadays most customs are out-of-date or have been included into the rules of law. However, some customs are still accepted by courts when creating a special law to a certain group of people in a certain area.
b) Books of Authority
In England little respect was given to writings of judicial decisions. They were seldom cited in courts, although there were some exceptions. The books of authority, written by famous authors, however, have been cited. These days many books are often cited in courts as a part of etiquette.
“The sources of English law” žodžiai:
1. enacted – priimtas parlamente
2. unenacted – nepriimtas parlamente
3. preponderate – dominuoti
4. codified – kodifikuotas
5. legislator – įstatymų leidimo institucija arba asmuo
6. rivel – konkurentas
7. to remove the power – atimti valdžią
8. enactment – įstatymų leidimas ( procesas )
9. to be bound – būti priverstam laikytis
10. to apply – kreiptis
11. to be subject...

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