The logistics of transporting perishable goods

Perishable goods are highly dependent on surrounding factors. While the buyer of the product expects to be satisfied with his purchase, shipping perishable goods is a very responsible and important job. There are numerous requirements so that the product arrives in an appropriate condition. These requirements may vary depending on many circumstances (e.g., method of transportation, transportation time, the type of product). Most common perishable goods include fresh foods, plants, dairy products, and pharmaceuticals. If one of the specific conditions is not met, it may lead to many negative attributes. These include textural degradation, bruising, microbial growth, and deterioration. Usually, to prevent the product from being harmed, they are transported in temperature-controlled and sealed units. Nevertheless, costly expenses will occur if the requirements are not met during the transportation of perishable goods and the cargo is severely damaged.
• Refrigerated equipment has a non-mechanical cold source that can reduce the interior temperature and maintain it for an average exterior temperature of 30ºC to -20ºC.
• Freezer has a cold production mechanism to reduce the interior temperature of the space and maintain it at a consistent temperature between -12ºC and -20ºC.
Depending on the goods and the location it is from, businesses can transport perishable goods using 3 key methods which include: transporting via air, transporting via land (road transport and railway transport), and transporting via waterways.
Transporting via air
The airlines have figured out methods for product cooling and refrigeration that allow them to deliver goods in special packaging at a lower cost. The circulation of cold external air provides the temperature conditions in the cargo compartment. The temperature is set by the aircraft's captain. Problems arise when goods requiring different temperature conditions are placed in the plane's cargo hold. To maintain different temperature conditions, cargo is carried out in specialized aviation refrigerated containers, which...

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