Social research: The Internet

The Internet is a global network of networks enabling computers of all kinds to directly and transparently communicate and share services throughout much of the world. Because the Internet is an enormously valuable, enabling capability for so many people and organizations, it also constitutes a shared global resource of information, knowledge, and means of collaboration, and cooperation among countless diverse communities.
Starting at the top, each country typically has one or more backbone public internets which are connected to each other through a variety of global arrangements. At the regional and local levels, there are tens of thousands of organizations of every conceivable kind that have built their own enterprise internets and connected them to national backbones. Most of the networks are operated by organizations that either provide Internet access to internal staff or specialize in providing widespread public access to end-users.
There are basically two kinds of access provided :
 host access where end-users connect their computers to become part of the Internet, or
 terminal access where end­ users connect to a host computer which is directly connected to the Internet. The computer terminal itself is not directly connected.
The latter is the kind of service provided by nearly every public Email service provider to millions of people. Increasingly, new access providers are starting to offer Internet host access and an array of other services for computers that range from PCs to a mainframes.
There are now more than 30,000 networks interconnected by the global Internet - which is literally collectively owned by thousands of private commercial and public organizations. The global international organization for Internet coordination and coop­eration is the Internet Society.
 How Big is the Internet?
At April 1994, the Internet consisted of more than 30,000 networks in 71 countries. Gateways that allow at least Email connectivity extend this reach to 146...

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