Radiation - presentation

Radioactivity: Elements & Atoms
• Atoms are composed of smaller particles referred to as:
◦ Protons
◦ Neutrons
◦ Electrons
Radioactivity
• If a nucleus is unstable for any reason, it will emit and absorb particles. There are many types of radiation and they are all pertinent to everyday life and health as well as nuclear physical applications.
Ionization
• Ionizing radiation is produced by unstable atoms. Unstable atoms differ from stable atoms because they have an excess of energy or mass or both.
Radiation
• Sunshine is one of the most familiar forms of radiation. It delivers light, heat and suntans. While enjoying and depending on it, we control our exposure to it.
Radiation
• Collectively we can refer to these kinds of radiation as ionising radiation. It can cause damage to matter, particularly living tissue. At high levels it is therefore dangerous, so it is necessary to control our exposure.
Radiation
• Many people owe their lives and health to such radiation produced artificially. Medical and dental X-rays discern hidden problems. Other kinds of ionising radiation are used to diagnose ailments, and some people are treated with radiation to cure disease.
Radiation
• Ionising radiation, such as occurs from uranium ores and nuclear wastes, is part of our human environment, and always has been so. At high levels it is hazardous, but at low levels such as we all experience naturally, it is harmless.
Radioactivity in material
• Apart from the normal measures of mass and volume, the amount of radioactive material is measured in Becquerel (Bq), which enables us to compare the typical radioactivity of some natural and other materials.
Ionising radiation –...

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