Mendelian genetics

• Write down these new terms then link them to the next activity.
Term
Definition
A section of DNA that codes for a specific enzyme, protein or characteristic.
The alternative forms of a particular gene, eg: one allele for blue eyes or one allele for brown eyes.
Specific genetic composition of an individual.
The external observable characteristics that result from the parent’s genotype.
An allele that will suppress another allele
The allele that is only expressed when it is not suppressed by the other allele.
Matching pair of chromosomes. The DNA of each has the same genes in the same order.
When both alleles of a particular gene are the same
When the two similar alleles carry different information
Gene
Alleles
Phenotype
Dominant
Recessive
Homologous
Homozygous
Heterozygous
Genotype
Mendel
Gregor Mendel born in 1822 in Austria. He was clever but poor so joined a monastery to gain an education.
He became fascinated by the pea plants he was working with. He carried out some breeding experiments using the peas. He used smooth peas, wrinkled peas, green peas and yellow peas.
He cross breed the peas and counted the offspring carefully. He found that characteristics were inherited in predictable patterns
Mendel
Mendel
He worked all this out by using mathematical models and by keeping meticulous notes about every experiment he did.
He worked all this out without knowing a thing about DNA, genes or chromosomes.
36 years after Mendel published his ideas his work was finally recognised as chromosomes had been...

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