Water Pollution: Types, Effects, and Sources

• Oxygen-Demanding Waste
◦ Organic debris & waste + aerobic bacteria
◦ Source: Sewage, feedlots, paper-mills, food processing
• Inorganic Chemicals
◦ Acids, Metals, Salts
◦ Sources: Surface runoff, Industrial effluent, household cleansers
• Radioactive Materials
◦ Iodine, radon, uranium, cesium, thorium
◦ Source: Coal & Nuclear Power plants, mining, weapons production, natural
• Plant Nutrients
◦ Nitrates, Phosphates,
◦ Source: Sewage, manure, agricultural and landscaping runoff
• Organic Chemicals
◦ Oil, Gasoline, Plastics, Pesticides, Solvents, detergents
◦ Sources: Industrial effluent, Household cleansers, runoff from farms and yards
• Eroded Sediment
◦ Soil, Silt
• Heat/Thermal Pollution
◦ Source: Power plants, Industrial
Pollution in Streams
• Clean Zone
• Decomposition
• Zone
• Septic Zone
• Recovery Zone
• Clean Zone
• Normal clean water organisms
• (trout, perch, bass,
• mayfly, stonefly)
• Trash fish
• (carp, gar,
• leeches)
• Fish absent, fungi,
• sludge worms,
• bacteria
• (anaerobic)
• Trash fish
• (carp, gar,
• leeches)
• Normal clean water organisms
• (trout, perch, bass,
• mayfly, stonefly)
• 8 ppm
• Dissolved oxygen (ppm)
• Biological oxygen
• demand
• 8 ppm
• Types of
• organisms
Benefits of Floodplains
• Highly productive wetlands
• Provide natural flood and erosion control
• Maintain high water quality
• Recharge groundwater
• Fertile soils
• Nearby rivers for use and recreation
• Flatlands for urbanization and farming
Dangers of Floodplains and Floods
• Deadly and destructive
• Human activities worsen floods
• Failing dams and water diversion
• Bangladesh
Before and During a Flood in St. Louis, Missouri
Flooding After Deforestation of a Hillside
• Oxygen
• released by
• vegetation
• Diverse
• ecological
• habitat
• Evapotranspiration
• Trees reduce soil
• erosion from heavy
• rain and wind
• Agricultural
• land
• Steady
• river flow
• Leaf litter
• improves
• soil fertility
• Tree roots stabilize soil and aid water flow
• Vegetation releases
• water slowly and
• reduces flooding
• Forested Hillside
Flooding After Deforestation of a Hillside
• Tree plantation
• Evapotranspiration decreases
• Ranching accelerates soil erosion by water and wind
• Winds remove
• fragile topsoil
• Gullies and
• landslides
• Heavy rain leaches nutrients from soil and erodes topsoil
• Rapid runoff
• causes flooding
• After Deforestation
• Roads
• destabilize
• hillsides
• Agriculture land
• is flooded and
• silted up
• Silt from erosion...

Daugiau informacijos...

★ Klientai rekomenduoja

Šį rašto darbą rekomenduoja mūsų klientai. Ką tai reiškia?

Mūsų svetainėje pateikiama dešimtys tūkstančių skirtingų rašto darbų, kuriuos įkėlė daugybė moksleivių ir studentų su skirtingais gabumais. Būtent šis rašto darbas yra patikrintas specialistų ir rekomenduojamas kitų klientų, kurie po atsisiuntimo įvertino šį mokslo darbą teigiamai. Todėl galite būti tikri, kad šis pasirinkimas geriausias!