Water pollution and causes of it

• Water is essential for our survival. Due to human activities a large part of water bodies is contaminated.
Water pollution is one the main environmental issues that we are facing, as more than 70% of the Earth’s surface is water-covered.
• Organic pollution due to microorganisms - bacteria and viruses - present in the water, generated by excrement, animal and vegetable waste.
• Chemical pollution generated by the nitrates and phosphates of pesticides, human and animal drugs, household products, heavy metals, acids and hydrocarbons used in industries.
Causes of water pollution
Sewage and wastewater
• Inadequate sewage collection and treatment are the sources of water pollution. According to the United Nations, more than 80% of the worldwide wastewater goes back to the environment without being treated or reused.
• Everyday, garbage such as plastic, paper, aluminum, food, glass, or rubber are deposited into the sea. These items take from weeks to hundreds of years to decompose, and thus they are a major cause of water pollution.
Marine dumping
Causes of water pollution
INDUSTRIES
• Industries produce a lot of waste containing toxic chemicals and pollutants. A huge amount of the industrial waste is drained in the fresh water which then flows into canals, rivers and eventually into the sea. Another source of water pollution is the burning of fossil fuels, causing air pollution like acid rain which then flows into the streams, lakes, and other stretches of water.
• Even though it does not have a direct impact on water quality, urbanization and deforestation have a lot of indirect effects. For instance, cutting...

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