Past tenses

◦ Interrogative: Was/Were + Subject + Verb-ing ?
 Past Perfect Simple:
Subject + had + Past Participle (Verb-ed or irregular form)
◦ Negative: Subject + had + not (hadn’t)+ Past Participle
Interrogative: Had + Subject + Past Participle
To talk about finished actions in the past:
 One action after the other:
 “She opened the door, turned on the lights and entered the house”
 An action that happened in a certain situation.
 “The car knocked the child down when he was crossing the road”
 A short action finished in the past (you indicate when it
happened with an adverb of Time):
 “Yesterday, I arrived at home too late”.
 A finished action that takes a long period of time
(indicated in the sentence):
 “I lived in Britain when I was young”
 If the verb ends in “silent –e” It disappears
◦ “ I lived in Italy” (live + ed  lived)
 If the verb ends in “consonant + y”  -ied
◦ “They carried the boxes home” (carry + ed carried)
 Duplication of the final consonant ONLY IF:
1. The verb ends in CVC: Consonant + vowel + ONE only
Consonant (except X or W)
2. The last syllable is stressed
3. The vowel of the last syllable is “short”
They dropped the ball” / “They kidnapped my sister”
Exception: when the verb ends in “l” it doubles though the last
syllable is not stressed. (example: “travelled”)
 To talk about an action in progress in the past (i) or a
temporal situation in the past (ii):
(i) At midday last Sunday, I was working with my laptop
(ii) In 1998, I was living with my cousin
 To express the action in progress in which another
past action happened:
“The little kid was crossing the road when a car knocked him down”
 To talk about the context in which the events of a story
happened:
“It was getting dark, the sun was beginning to hide...

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