Participle clauses

• Having won the match, Susan jumped for joy.
• Looked after carefully, this coat will keep you warm through many winters.
• Compare: If you look after it carefully, this coat will keep you warm through many winters.
• Reason (in place of words like so or therefore):
• Wanting to speak to him about the contract, I decided to arrange a meeting.
• Compare: I wanted to speak to him about the contract so I decided to arrange a meeting.
• Result (in place of words like because or as a result):
• I had no time to read my book, having spent so long doing my homework.
• Compare: I had no time to read my book because I had spent so long doing my homework.
• Time (in place of words like when, while or as soon as):
• Sitting at the cafe with my friends, I suddenly realised that I had left the oven on at home.
• Compare: While I was sitting at the cafe with my friends, I suddenly realised that I had left the oven on at home.
• The conjunctions before and when are also used in the participle clause.
• Example:Before she cut her hair, she washed it. → Before cutting her hair, she washed it.
• The conjunctions after and while can either be used or not.
• Example:After she had washed her hair, she cut it. → (After) having washed her hair, she cut it.
Write in the present participle.
1.(search).......... for her gloves, she dug through the entire wardrobe.
2.(whistle)............ a song, she danced through the house with the mop.
3.(sit)........ in the shade, we ate cake and drank coffee.
4.The child sat at the desk (paint)....... a picture.
5.(run)........... to the bus stop, she lost her shoe.
Write in the...

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