Nervous system

• The nervous system organs are the brain, spinal cord and sensory organs.
• The central nervous system (CNS) controls most functions of the body and mind. It consists of two parts: the brain and the spinal cord.
• The CNS is made of neurons and their processes (axons). Gray matter is made of neuron cell bodies, it is found in the cerebral cortexand the central portion of the spinal cord. White matter is made of axons, which combine and build neural pathways.
• The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is the division of the nervous system containing all the nerves that lie outside of the central nervous system (CNS). The primary role of the PNS is to connect the CNS to the organs, limbs, and skin.
• It consists of nerves and their ganglia. Nerves that carry information from peripheral sense organs to the CNS are called the ascending, afferent or sensory nerve fibers. Fibers that carry information from the CNS to the periphery (muscles and glands) are the descending, efferent, motor or secretory nerve fibers.
• There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves which arise from the brain, and 31 pairs of spinal nerves which extend from the spinal cord.
The somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system
• The somatic nervous system (SNS) and autonomic nervous system (ANS) are divisions of the peripheral nervous system.
• The somatic nervous system transmits sensory and motor signals to and from the central nervous system.
• Major somatic peripheral nerves include...

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