Mineral water

Mineral water

Table of contents

• What is mineral water?
• Formation of mineral water
• Classification of natural mineral water
• Chemical composition of mineral water
• Mineral water in Lithuania

Hot or cold groundwater, which is formed naturally in various depths of the earth's crust, under appropriate geological conditions, contains at least 1000 mg/l dissolved minerals and/or trace elements, contains carbon dioxide in its natural structure, and is spontaneously released to the earth or extracted by technical methods, is traditionally called mineral water.

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Surface waters, such as rain and snow, infiltrate deep into the rocks' crevices and cracks, taking a long journey of 10 years to 100 years. These waters, which float deeply, accumulate in the reservoir rocks, and come to the surface in the form of a weld by moving upwards from the easiest way they find with the pressure and temperature effect formed in the reservoir. As the waters infiltrate underground or go up, they acquire the mineral water feature by incorporating different minerals from different types of rocks they come into contact with.

Formation of mineral water

Rizzo R, Elia V, Napoli E. The new frontiers of Hydrology. 2011.

Classification of natural mineral waters

Degree of mineralization depends on the following factors:

• how long the water spent in the rock underground
• the depth the water penetrated to
• the pressure and temperature conditions resulting from this depth

at great depths, groundwater or fissure water meets carbon dioxide gas rising due to the activity of magma or carbon dioxide gas produced by rock metamorphosis, it becomes enriched with it, producing naturally carbonated water.

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