Hydropower. Self-study task

One of the oldest and most significant sources of renewable energy is hydropower, or hydroelectric power, which produces electricity using the free flow of moving water. For thousands of years, people have used this force.
First people who used movement of water in favor their use was Greeks over two thousand years ago. They used flowing water to turn the wheel of their mill to ground wheat into flour. The evolution of the modern hydropower turbine began in the mid-1700s when a French hydraulic and military engineer, Bernard Forest de Bélidor, wrote Architecture Hydraulique.
Most hydroelectric power plants have three main components: a water reservoir, a gate or valve that regulates the amount of water that flows out of the reservoir and an outlet or location where the water goes after flowing downstream.
Utilizing the elevation difference of water pouring in on one side and out, far below, caused by a dam or other diversion structure, stations produce electricity. Just before water rushes over the top of a dam or cascades down a hill, it gains potential energy. Water flowing downhill changes potential energy into kinetic energy. When a turbine's blades are turned by water, electricity is produced and sent to the power plant's users.
The most common being an impoundment facility. In an impoundment facility, a dam is used to control the flow of water stored in a pool or reservoir. Ehen more energy is needed, water is released from the dam.
Another type of hydroelectric energy plant is a diversion facility. This type of plant is...

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