Darwin’s Theory of Evolution

EVOLUTION

Charles Darwin

Darwin’s Theory of Evolution

• Evolution, or change over time, is the process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms.
• A scientific theory is a well-supported testable explanation of phenomena that have occurred in the natural world.

How do you think Darwin came up with his theory?

Voyage of the Beagle

Voyage of Beagle

• Dates: February 12th, 1831
• Captain: Charles Darwin
• Ship: H.M.S. Beagle
• Destination: Voyage around the world.
• Findings: evidence to propose a revolutionary hypothesis about how life changes over time

Patterns of Diversity

• Darwin visited Argentina and Australia which had similar grassland ecosystems.
• those grasslands were inhabited by very different animals.
• neither Argentina nor Australia was home to the sorts of animals that lived in European grasslands.

Patterns of Diversity

• Darwin posed challenging questions.
• Why were there no rabbits in Australia, despite the presence of habitats that seemed perfect for them?
• Why were there no kangaroos in England?

Living Organisms and Fossils

• Darwin collected the preserved remains of ancient organisms, called fossils.
• Some of those fossils resembled organisms that were still alive today.

Living Organisms and Fossils

• Others looked completely unlike any creature he had ever seen.
• As Darwin studied fossils, new questions arose.
• Why had so many of these species disappeared?
• How were they related to living species?

Fossils

The Galapagos Island

• The smallest, lowest islands were hot, dry, and nearly barren-Hood Island-sparse vegetation
• The higher islands had greater rainfall and a different assortment of plants and animals-Isabela- Island had rich vegetation.

The Galapagos Island

• Darwin was fascinated in particular by the land tortoises and marine iguanas in the Galápagos.
• Giant tortoises varied in predictable ways from one island to another.
• The shape of a tortoise's shell could be used to identify which island a particular tortoise inhabited.

Animals found in the Galapagos

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