Geothermal energy (anglų k. referatas)

geothermal energy, form of energy conversion in which heat energy from within Earth is captured and harnessed for cooking, bathing, space heating, electrical power generation, and other uses. Geo means „ earth “, and thermal means „ heat “ in Greek. It is one of the cleanest, environmentally friendly forms of renewable energy.
1 pic. Nesjavellir Geothermal Power Station in Iceland.
Geothermal energy comes from natural pools and hot springs that have long been used for cooking, bathing and warmth. Evidence has been discovered that Native Americans used geothermal energy for cooking as early as 10,000 years ago. Ancient hot spring baths were used by the Greeks and Romans, and examples of geothermal space heating date back to at least the Roman city of Pompeii in the 1st century AD. However, these sources are found in only a few places. Although the world's first district heating system was installed in France in the 14th century, other cities and industries began to realize the economic potential of geothermal resources only in the late 19th century. Geothermal heat was introduced to the first residences in the United States in 1892, and by the 1970s most of the city used geothermal heat. The first geothermal electricity was also produced in Larderello in 1904. after setting up an experimental plant. The technology was first used commercially there in 1913 with the construction of a 250-kilowatt (kW) power plant. Geothermal power plants have been operating in New Zealand since 1958, and geysers in northern California since the 1960s.
Geothermal energy is best found in areas with high thermal content. These gradients occur in regions affected by recent volcanism, along plate boundaries (such as the Pacific Ring of Fire) or in areas marked by thin crust (hot spots), such as Yellowstone National Park and the Hawaiian Islands. Geothermal reservoirs...

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