Croatia (istorija)

Croats came to Dalmatia and Pannonia in the 7th century. Ruled by various Croatian Princes, Dukes since 852, Dalmatia eventually absorbed Pannonia and after periods of nominal Eastern Roman and then Frankish Imperial rule, Croatia eventually became a strong independent Kingdom in 924. In 1102 the Croatians ended a decades-long dynastic struggle by agreeing to submit themselves to Hungarian Royal authority.
By the mid-1400s, the Hungarian kingdom was gravely hurt by the Ottoman expansion as much of the mountainous country now known as Bosnia and Herzegovina fell to the Turks. At the same time, Dalmatia became mostly Venetian. Dubrovnik was a city-state that was firstly Byzantine (Roman) and Venetian, but later, unlike other Dalmatian city-states, it became independent as Republic of Dubrovnik, even if it was often under the suzerainty of neighboring powers.
The Battle of Mohácks in 1526 led the Croatian Parliament ti invite Habsburgs to assume control over Croatia. Habsburg rule eventually did prove to be successful in thwarting the Ottomans, and by the 18th century, much of Croatia was free of Turkish control. The odd crescent shape of the Croatian lands remained as a mark, more or less, of the frontier to the Ottoman advance into Europe. Istria, Dalmatia and Dubrovnik all eventually passed to the Habsburg Monarchy between 1797 and 1815.
Following World War I, Croatia joined the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs (comprising what is today, Slovenia, Croatia and Bosnia). Shortly thereafter, this joint state in turn formed a union with Serbia to form the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (which eventually became Yugoslavia in 1929). Yugoslavia was invaded during World War II and Croatia became independent. Known as the Independent State of Croatia it was ruled by the Croatian nationalist/fascist Ustaše movement, allied with the Axis powers. After the defeat of the Axis powers, Croatia...

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