• Formal style
• Complex Vocabulary
• Well planned and clearly structured
• Precise
• Use of tentative language
• Objective and impersonal
• Use of the passive voice
What is the academic wordlist?
570 head words that appear frequently in academic texts.
3000 words all together including different word families.
Mastering the Academic Wordlist
by Diane Schmitt and Norbert Schmitt
A lot of people think that the weather is getting worse. They say that this has been going on for quite a long time. I think that they are quite right. Research has shown that we get storms etc all the time.
(Bailey, 2018)
It is widely believed that the climate is deteriorating. It is claimed that this process has been continuing for nearly 100 years. This belief appears to be supported by McKinley (1997) who shows a 55% increase in the frequency of severe winter gales since 1905.(Bailey, 2018)
Rules for Academic Style
Avoid adverbs which display emotion or personal attitude.
Unfortunately, Sadly
Use tentative language and avoid strong statements
e.g. exercise reduces mental health issues
exercise may reduce mental health issues
Vocabulary
Avoid using ‘slang’ or informal language e.g. guy/kid should use man/child
good/bad - positive negative big/small – huge/insignificant
thing/stuff - factor/issue a lot- a significant number of
Avoid using, like to introduce instead use, such as, for instance
Do not use the verb get could use obtain
Avoid phrasal verbs such as go up instead use verbs such, increase
Avoid using personal pronouns
I, we, they, you, us
Avoid using question forms
What were the main causes of…?
A number of factors contributed to… they included….
Use both passive and active structures
Smith claims that………… (active)
It is widely believed that…………. (passive)
Activity
Please look at the sentences below and consider what is wrong with the style of the sentences.
The use of social media is going up and will cause mental health issues.
We cannot trust everything that the media tells us.
Soon, they will find methods of transport that are good for the...
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