Vincent van Gogh. Biography and lifetime work

Vincent van Gogh (March 30 1853 - July 29 1890) is generally considered the greatest Dutch painter after Rembrandt, though he had little success during his lifetime. He powerfully influenced the current of Expressionism in modern art. Van Gogh produced all of his work (some 900 paintings and 1100 drawings) during a period of only 10 years before he suffer mental illness (possibly bipolar disorder) and committed suicide. His fame grew rapidly after his death especially following a showing of 71 of van Gogh's paintings in Paris on March 17, 1901 (11 years after his death).
Vincent was born in Zundert, The Netherlands. His father was a Protestant pastor, and van Gogh first trained for the ministry, but he abandoned his studies in 1878. He remained in the Borinage, suffering acute poverty and a spiritual crisis, until 1880, when he found that art was his vocation and the means by which he could bring consolation to humanity. From this time he worked at his new `mission' with single-minded frenzy, and although he often suffered from extreme poverty and undernourishment.
In February 1886 he moved to Paris, where he met Pissarro, Degas, Gauguin, Seurat, and Toulouse-Lautrec. At this time his painting underwent a violent metamorphosis under the combined influence of Impressionism and Japanese woodcuts, losing its moralistic flavour of social realism. Van Gogh became obsessed by the symbolic and expressive values of colors and began to use them for this purpose rather than, as did the Impressionists, for the reproduction of visual appearances, atmosphere, and light. `Instead of trying to reproduce...

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