The Sun dying

You won’t be around to see the ending, but just reading about it will give you chills.
The bad news is that when our sun finally dies, Earth will be reduced to a ruined lump of iron, if it’s not outright consumed. The good news is . . . well, there is no good news.
All things must come to an end, even our own solar system. But thankfully, we don’t have to sweat about anything in the short term; our sun is still about four to five billion years away from its eventual—and ultimate—demise.
All stars, including our sun, fuse hydrogen in their cores; this is how they produce all their heat and light. But the fusion of hydrogen leaves behind a byproduct: helium. As our sun ages through billions and billions of years, more and more helium builds up in the core. This makes it harder for the sun to fuse hydrogen—the helium is literally pollution getting in the way. To compensate for this and remain in balance, the core of the sun gradually grows hotter with time.
End result: the sun is getting hotter. The dinosaurs knew a smaller, dimmer sun than we do today. Billions of years ago, you wouldn’t even recognize our own star.
It also means that somewhere around 500 million years from now, Earth is going to die its first death. The overheated sun will trigger a runaway greenhouse event. Our oceans will evaporate, dumping their water vapor into the atmosphere, trapping more heat near the surface. That will increase Earth’s temperature, which will evaporate away more oceans, and so on. Within about 100 million years, our oceans will dry up completely. Without lubrication, the plate tectonics that pull carbon and other greenhouses gases below the crust will grind to a halt. Our atmosphere will bloat and drift...

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