3 anglų kalbos rašinėliai

A tax is financial tool who redistributes wealth and rise revenues to governments, but taxes also have other purposes.
Taxes were collecting in every civilization. The first known system of taxation was in Ancient Egypt. Taxes were paid to pharaoh. In Medieval ages people had to pay 10 % to charity or church. Other very popular tax in ancient was capitation this tax was collecting from all adult man. The problem with this tax was that it was very regressive, but it was very cheep to administrate it.
All modern counties have a various types of taxes. There are two major types of taxes: direct and indirect. A common type of direct taxes is income tax. All people, who are working and earning money, have to pay it. Income tax in many counties is progressive: more you earn, more you have to pay in government budget. This defect disincentive worker to work. Lithuanian have the biggest income tax in east Europe – 27 %, therefore a lot of people are hiding their real salary. In the contrary is indirect taxes. Value-added tax (VAT) – the best known indirect tax. People have to pay it every time than they are purchasing good. This tax is regressive and injurious for poor people, because they spent a larger proportion of their income on consuming. In our country VAT is 18 %, so then you are buying something, you have to pay 18 % of your purchase value to government. Modern (West) countries prefers on income taxes, but growing nations, such as India, prefers on VAT, because it is more difficult to cheat it. I think we have right taxes: excises (“sin taxes”). These taxes are dissuading people from smoking or drinking alcohol. Also government can use excise to encourage people use energy sources more economically.
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